A Guide on Diagnoses of Depression

Major depressive disorder is a mental health condition that is often ignored or minimized due to stigma. Depressive symptoms may be chalked up to "feeling sad" or "laziness" with little sympathy given by the people around them. However, major depression is a serious illness, and depression diagnosed by a mental health professional can be effectively treated, greatly improving quality of life.

In this article, we'll take a closer look at clinical depression, including the symptoms of depression, what to expect as far as a depression diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders, and how you can team up with your therapist to feel better.

Understanding Depression

Many people connect major depressive disorder with feeling sad, but that's about as far as their knowledge goes. However, there is far more to this mood disorder than sadness.

What is depression?

Depression is a mental health disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest in activities. Clinical depression, or major depressive disorder, is the most severe type of depression.

Depression can affect anyone, regardless of age, gender, or background. Depression is different from normal sadness, as it persists for at least two weeks and involves other symptoms. A person experiencing major depression will often notice a lack of interest in activities and people that they used to care about. This is called anhedonia and can lead to feelings of emptiness or hopelessness.

Types of Depression

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most common type of depression. Persistent depressive disorder (PDD) is a type of depression that lasts for two years or more.

Other types of depression include seasonal affective disorder, which is when a person experiences symptoms of depression during certain times of year (most commonly winter). Individuals assigned female at birth may also experience depression connected to hormonal changes during pregnancy, menstruation, and menopause. These include postpartum depression or perinatal depression and premenstrual dysphoric disorder.

Recognizing Depression Symptoms

So, how do you know if you're feeling sad or if you are experiencing depression? While a depressed mood is part of depression, there is more to it. Let's explore the symptoms of depression.

Identifying Depression Symptoms

Common symptoms of depression include:

• Changes in mood, appetite, sleep, and energy levels.
• Depressed mood, feelings of hopelessness
• Social withdrawal or irritability
• Weight gain or loss
• Loss of interest in previously preferred activities
• Trouble sleeping
• Physical symptoms such as headaches, digestive issues, and chronic pain

Depression symptoms can vary from person to person and may be different in children and adolescents. Bipolar disorder can have similar symptoms, but with the addition of manic periods alongside depressive symptoms.

How Depression Symptoms Can Vary

Depression can manifest as physical symptoms, such as headaches or digestive issues, in some people. Men are more likely to experience depression symptoms as physical problems rather than emotional ones, while women are more likely to experience depression symptoms as emotional problems rather than physical ones. Depression symptoms can also vary depending on age, cultural background, and other factors.

Preparing for a Diagnosis

When seeking a depression diagnosis, there are some things to keep in mind for a smooth process.

How to Prepare for a Diagnosis

Keep a journal of your symptoms and feelings to share with your doctor, as it may be difficult to remember specifics in the moment. For this same reason, make a list of questions to ask your doctor during the diagnostic process.

It can also be helpful to bring a family member or friend with you to the appointment for support. Be honest and open with your doctor about your symptoms and medical history.

The Diagnostic Process

A depression diagnosis can be given by a doctor or a mental health professional and is often a process that takes several visits and lab tests to acquire.

How a Doctor Diagnoses Depression

A doctor will ask questions about your symptoms, medical history, and lifestyle to diagnose depression. A depression diagnosis is only given after a provider has given a physical exam and run lab tests (including blood tests) to rule out any medical conditions that may be causing depression symptoms.

A mental health professional may use a diagnostic and statistical manual (DSM-5) to diagnose depression with the help of evaluations like the Beck Depression Inventory. A depression diagnosis may be classified as mild or moderate depression or severe depression, depending on symptoms.

Receiving a Diagnosis and Treatment

An accurate diagnosis is essential, but also just the beginning of depression treatment.

What to Do If You Get Diagnosed with Depression

If you are diagnosed with depression, know that you are not alone and that help is available. Treatment for depression typically involves talk therapy, prescription medications, or a combination of both. A mental health professional can help you develop a treatment plan that is right for you.

Treatment Options for Depression

Medications, such as antidepressants, can be effective in treating depression. Talk therapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), can also be effective in treating depression. A licensed mental health counselor can provide talk therapy and help you develop coping skills and healthy lifestyle habits that may reduce symptoms.

Alternative therapies, such as mindfulness meditation and yoga, may also be helpful in treating depression.

Coping and Support

In addition to other therapies, it's important to seek support from friends and family, as well as participating in self-care.

Taking Care of Yourself

Take care of your physical health by getting regular exercise, eating a healthy diet, and getting outside when possible. You can also practice stress-reducing techniques, such as deep breathing and meditation. Stay connected with friends and family, and keep your social support strong. You may even consider joining a support group for people with depression.

Helping a Loved One with Depression

If you notice depression signs in someone you love, encourage them to seek professional help. You can offer emotional support by listening to your loved one without judgment. Help your loved one stay on track with their treatment plan and encourage them to practice self-care and stress-reducing techniques.

Finding Help and Resources

Contact a mental health professional, such as a licensed mental health counselor or a psychiatrist, for help if you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms of depression. Visit the American Psychiatric Association website for information on depression and treatment options. You can also contact the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) for support and other resources.

Consider online therapy or support groups for convenience and accessibility.

Getting a Depression Treatment Plan in Chicago, IL

Whether you are experiencing mild, moderate, or severe depression, there are treatment options that can work for you. Depression doesn't have to rule your life; with treatment, you can manage symptoms and greatly improve your overall mental health and wellness.

At Williamsburg Therapy Group, our team of doctoral-level Chicago psychotherapists allows you to work with a trained professional that can create a treatment plan, offering a variety of practical strategies, healthy coping skills, and techniques that will allow you to reduce the symptoms of depression and experience a greater quality of life.

Don’t hesitate to seek help if you’re struggling with sadness or having difficulty navigating everyday life. With the right support, it’s possible to treat depression and improve overall well-being. If you have been thinking about seeking help, reach out to our customer service coordinator to get matched with a professional who can offer tools and strategies to manage symptoms and feel an interest in life again.